Loongnix20.2 升级Python3.10及开发环配置

Loongnix20.2是基于Debain10，内核是4.19，自带Python3是3.7.3，我写东西的时候需要使用Numpy，装1.22Python的最低版本是3.8.0，每每迁移我的工程都让我难受，无疑中发现github上的loongarch64下有Python的适配版本，于是动手升级Python。

0、准备环境

sudo apt install -y make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev

1、下载loongarch64版Python https://github.com/loongarch64/cpython

这个上面目前最新的是3.11.0 alpha 7，我没用这个这个版本，我下载其稳定的3.10.2版本。下载地址如下：

https://github.com/loongarch64/cpython/archive/refs/tags/v3.10.2.tar.gz

解压该文件：

tar -xzvf cpython-3.10.2.tar.gz
cd cpython-3.10.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/python --enable-optimizations --with-ensurepip=install
make -j 8
sudo make install

2、编辑.bashrc kate ~/.bashrc，在文件尾部添加：

kate ~/.bashrc
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/python/bin/

3、启用新版Python及pip

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/python/bin/python3.10 2
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/pip3 pip3 /usr/python/bin/pip3.10 2

4、换Python包安装源

在用户目录新建.pip目录，在该目录下新建pip.conf文件，输入如下内容：

[global]
timeout = 60 
index-url = https://pypi.loongnix.cn/loongson  
trusted-host = pypi.loongnix.cn

保存

5、删除旧版lsb_release

sudo rm /usr/bin/lsb_release

6、安装python3-venv、python3-setuptools、zlib*、git、cmake、wget

sudo apt install python3-venv python3-setuptools zlib* git cmake wget

7、安装Pillow支持库

sudo apt install libtiff5-dev libjpeg62-turbo-dev libopenjp2-7-dev zlib1g-dev libfreetype6-dev liblcms2-dev libwebp-dev tcl8.6-dev tk8.6-dev python3-tk libharfbuzz-dev libfribidi-dev libxcb1-dev meson

8、安装scipy1.8.1编译支撑库

sudo apt install gfortran libopenblas-dev liblapack-dev

9、激活目标环境安装pillow

python3 -m venv env
source env/bin/activate
pip install pillow

10、安装numpy

pip install numpy

11、安装scipy

wget https://pypi.doubanio.com/packages/26/b5/9330f004b9a3b2b6a31f59f46f1617ce9ca15c0e7fe64288c20385a05c9d/scipy-1.8.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf scipy-1.8.1.tar.gz
cd scipy-1.8.1
pip install pybind11 wheel pythran cython
../env/bin/python setup.py bdist_wheel
../env/bin/python -m pip install ./dist/scipy-1.8.1-cp310-cp310-linux_loongarch64.whl --no-deps